New Delhi: The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has confirmed that El Niño conditions have become active over the equatorial Pacific Ocean and are likely to strengthen further during the 2026 southwest monsoon season. The development has raised concerns among meteorologists, environmental experts, and the agricultural community due to its potential impact on rainfall distribution across India.
El Niño is a natural climate phenomenon characterized by unusually warm sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean. Historically, strong El Niño events have been associated with weaker monsoon rainfall, prolonged dry spells, heatwaves, and increased pressure on water resources in India.
According to the IMD, forecasts indicate that El Niño may intensify as the monsoon advances across the country. Experts warn that below-normal rainfall in several regions could affect agricultural activities, particularly the kharif sowing season, which depends heavily on timely monsoon rains. Contingency measures have been recommended in vulnerable districts to minimize possible impacts on farmers and food production.
Environmental scientists also point out that the influence of El Niño
Environmental scientists also point out that the influence of El Niño extends beyond agriculture. Reduced rainfall can lead to declining groundwater levels, stress on rivers and wetlands, increased forest fire risks, and challenges for biodiversity conservation. Climate change may further amplify the effects of such extreme weather patterns.
While El Niño does not guarantee drought conditions, its strengthening during the monsoon season requires careful monitoring and preparedness. Experts emphasize the importance of water conservation, climate-resilient farming practices, and ecosystem protection to reduce environmental and economic risks.
As India enters a crucial monsoon period, the progress of El Niño will remain a key factor shaping weather patterns, agricultural productivity, and environmental sustainability throughout 2026.
